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The student must distinguish between two types of dictionaries and lexicons, each of which must be cited differently.
Dictionary/Lexicons entries with signed articles are those that attach different authors’ names to different articles (the author’s name may appear either at the beginning or the end of the article). These articles must be cited using the "Chapters and Other parts of a Book" format in Turabian §17.1.8.2. In such cases, the editor’s name on the cover of the dictionary/lexicon is probably not the author of the article. Most Bible dictionaries, theological dictionaries, and church history dictionaries fall into this category.
Dictionaries/Lexicons with unsigned articles are those that do not assign an author’s name to individual articles. These articles must be cited using the "Reference Works" format in Turabian §17.9.1. The primary examples in Biblical studies are lexicons (e.g., BDAG, CL, BDB, and HALOT). Other types of examples include standard language dictionaries (e.g., Webster's Dictionary and the Oxford English Dictionary).
Entries with Signed Articles
Entries with Signed Articles
In the footnotes, include only the page numbers cited (not the full page range of the essay). In the bibliography, include the full page range of the essay (not the individual pages cited in the notes).
Footnote Format
1 Forename Surname, “Title of Entry,” in Title of Book: Subtitle of Book, ed. Forename Surname (City, ST: Publisher Name: Year of Publication), ##.
2 Surname, “Short Title,” ##.
Footnote Examples
1 Derek. J. Tidball, “Social Setting of Mission Churches,” in Dictionary of Paul and His Letters, ed. Gerald F. Hawthorne and Ralph P. Martin (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1993), 887.
Bibliography Format
Surname, Forename. “Title of Entry.” In Title of Book: Subtitle of Book, edited by Forename Surname, ##-##. City, ST: Publisher Name: Year of Publication.
Bibliography Examples
Tidball, Derek J. “Social Setting of Mission Churches.” In Dictionary of Paul and His Letters, edited by Gerald F. Hawthorne and Ralph P. Martin, 883-92. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1993.
Entries with Unsigned Articles
Entries with Unsigned Articles
Footnote Format
1 Book Title, s.v. “entry title.”
Footnote Examples
1 BDAG, s.v. “πιστεύω.”
2 HALOT, s.v. “אמן.”
Bibliography Format
Follow the appropriate book format type.
Bibliography Examples
Danker, Frederick W., Walter Bauer, William F. Arndt, and F. Wilbur Gingrich. Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature. 3rd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000.
Koehler, Ludwig, Walter Baumgartner, and Johann J. Stamm. The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament. Translated and edited under the supervision of Mervyn E. J. Richardson. 4 vols. Leiden: Brill, 1994–1999.
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